Pantographs are devices that slide along overhead wires and transfer electricity to electric trains. They are constantly in contact with the wires, which may cause friction and wear. However, pantographs are designed to resist these effects and maintain a smooth and stable connection.
One way that pantographs resist friction and wear is by using carbon strips as the contact material. Carbon has low friction and high electrical conductivity, which reduces heat generation and spark formation. Carbon also has self-lubricating properties, which prevent excessive wear and tear on the wire and the strip.
Another way that pantographs resist friction and wear is by using springs and dampers to adjust the contact force and position. Springs provide the necessary force to keep the pantograph in contact with the wire, while dampers absorb the vibrations and shocks caused by the speed and curvature of the wire. By controlling the contact force and position, the pantograph can avoid losing contact or damaging the wire.
Pantographs are essential for the operation of electric trains, as they provide the power supply from the overhead lines. By using carbon strips and springs and dampers, pantographs can resist friction and wear and ensure a reliable and efficient connection.
